– The production of municipal solid residues has increased in the region. Although 81% take shelter of the totality of the generated municipal solid residues, only 23% receive a suitable treatment. Of course we cannot deny that Latin America still counts on great lungs like the Amazon and mountains, forests that guarantee if it is known to them to take care of a guarantee for the preservation of the atmosphere. Tmese in account as it indicates Javier to it Las Rioja, that Latin America is the most humid region of the world. Their rivers spill to the sea 30% of the total of the continental waters that end there; also, in the continent is the one that considers the driest region of the orb: the desert of Atacama where, it is said, never it has rained. A refining gradient is between both ends, forming the more original environmental phantom of the world. This great diversity of ecosystems and habitats also explain because the region of greater biological diversity of the planet is the Latin American continent, and the zone of greater incidence of endemismo (species that only are in that site) in the world. According to the most recent and reliable estimations, one calculates in 180,000 number of vegetal species inhabitants of the area, number that is four times greater than the one of together tropical Africa and Madagascar, two of the regions of the world with more biological diversity. Even though the Latin American faunstica diversity is not known with the same precision, it is deduced, from the association of animal species with the vegetables, that in Latin America also inhabit the greater amount of animal species of all type of the planet. Surely, according to the specialists, the same situation must prevail concerning freshwater fishes; only in the river basin of the Amazon 2 thousand different species have been classified, data without precedent in the world.